What Is a Diclofenac Injection?

A diclofenac injection is a type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is injected intramuscularly to treat pain and inflammation related to certain medical conditions. This drug is an analgesic as well as an anti-inflammatory agent. It is sometimes used in the treatment of conditions such as gout, back injuries, arthritis, or fractures.

Diclofenac as an intramuscular injection is typically used to treat general inflammation or pain resulting from certain joint or musculoskeletal conditions. These can include arthritis or gout, among others. This medication is sometimes prescribed to aid in reducing pain and swelling due to other causes, such as tendinitis or a back injury. It is also occasionally prescribed for dysmenorrhea, or painful periods in women or adolescent girls, as well as for management of pain related to gallstones or kidney stones.

Side effects of a diclofenac injection could commonly include headaches, changes in vision, sleepiness, or dizziness. More seriously, potential adverse effects are tissue damage or pain at the site of the injection, gastrointestinal problems, internal bleeding, ulcers, rash, or kidney problems. Anyone who is allergic to other NSAIDs such as ibuprofen should not use this medication.

This medication is not appropriate for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Occasionally, it can have negative fertility effects in some women. It is also contraindicated for individuals who have a history of asthma or peptic ulcers, and those who are in recovery from a recent heart surgery. Patients exhibiting symptoms of dehydration could be endangered by the use of this medication. Elderly patients could also be at greater risk of adverse reactions to this drug.

Known drug interactions for a diclofenac injection include high blood pressure medications, diuretics, lithium, and certain antibiotics. Anyone who is currently taking other NSAIDs or corticosteroids should not use diclofenac. This drug is also known to adversely interact with some types of antidepressants as well as a wide variety of other prescription medications.

The diclofenac injection is available in the U.S. as a 50 or 75 mg ampoule. Diclofenac is manufactured under a wide variety of trade names worldwide. In addition to the injection format given intramuscularly, this drug is sometimes used intravenously, orally, as a topical gel, or as an ophthalmic solution in the form of eye drops. In some countries, diclofenac is available over the counter for at-home treatment of fever or discomfort from minor infections and other maladies.