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What Should I Expect with Induced Labor?

O. Wallace
O. Wallace

Induced labor occurs when a doctor or midwife starts a pregnant woman’s labor artificially. An induced labor can be either elective to accommodate the mother's schedule, which is becoming more common, or performed in response to a medical emergency. Although induced labor is not necessarily a dangerous practice, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend that induced labor should not be done electively prior to 39 weeks gestation.

Any number of medical conditions can call for induced labor. Complications endangering the woman’s health, including preeclampsia, hypertension, heart disease, bleeding or gestational diabetes, are some of the more common reasons to induce labor. If the baby is in danger because he or she cannot get adequate oxygen or nutrients, or is small for his or her gestational age, labor may be induced.

Induced labor occurs when a doctor starts a woman's labor by artificial means.
Induced labor occurs when a doctor starts a woman's labor by artificial means.

Induced labor must occur if the amniotic sac has broken, but labor hasn’t started naturally within 24 to 48 hours. Occasionally, the mother will develop chorioamnionitis, which is a uterine infection. For others, labor is induced when the pregnancy goes beyond 42 weeks, although some doctors take pity on a woman who has reached 40 or 41 weeks with no signs of labor in sight.

If the baby is in danger, doctors may go ahead and induce labor.
If the baby is in danger, doctors may go ahead and induce labor.

Induced labor is accomplished most often by administering one or two main medications used for this purpose. Pitocin or Syntocinon, which are brand names for oxytocin, is administered through an intravenous drip (IV). Oxytocin is a naturally produced hormone that stimulates the contractions associated with labor. When this hormone is given artificially, it can speed up labor, but can also make it progress more quickly than pain management can work or be administered.

If preeclampsia occurs in the latter months of pregnancy, labor will be induced.
If preeclampsia occurs in the latter months of pregnancy, labor will be induced.

Prostaglandin is another hormone that is administered artificially in the form of a vaginal suppository. It is usually inserted in the evening to stimulate labor by the morning. The benefit of this type of induced labor is that women are not tied to an IV.

The second way labor is induced, without the use of artificial hormones, is by breaking the bag of waters. This is called artificial rupture of the membranes (AROM). If all goes according to plan, when the bag is broken, production of prostaglandin naturally ramps up, stimulating contractions. AROM is performed by brushing a small hook, inserted into the vagina, just inside the cervix, on the sac.

Doctors can induce labor by introducing certain medications through an intravenous drip.
Doctors can induce labor by introducing certain medications through an intravenous drip.

AROM allows the doctor to monitor the baby through the canal and examine the amniotic fluid. One drawback is that it can cause a prolapsed cord, in which the cord drains out first, with the fluid. If labor and delivery do not occur within 24 to 48 hours, infection can set in.

While inducing labor is generally very predicable, how a woman responds to it varies greatly. Some women go into labor and experience a delivery quickly with little to no complication. Others are more resistant to the intervention and labor takes longer to get going.

Discussion Comments

PurpleSpark

@momothree: I also had to be induced. However, mine was successful. After the nurse administered the medication through my IV, I was having contractions within an hour. After two hours, I had given birth.

momothree

With my second child, I had preeclampsia and my doctor decided to induce my labor. I was given Pitocin through an IV and then I waited. It seemed like forever. I was given another dose about an hour or two later. It didn’t seem to work on me. After my blood pressure continued to rise, it was decided that we needed to do a Caesarean Section.

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    • Induced labor occurs when a doctor starts a woman's labor by artificial means.
      By: Tyler Olson
      Induced labor occurs when a doctor starts a woman's labor by artificial means.
    • If the baby is in danger, doctors may go ahead and induce labor.
      By: Aliaksandr Dobysh
      If the baby is in danger, doctors may go ahead and induce labor.
    • If preeclampsia occurs in the latter months of pregnancy, labor will be induced.
      By: olly
      If preeclampsia occurs in the latter months of pregnancy, labor will be induced.
    • Doctors can induce labor by introducing certain medications through an intravenous drip.
      By: Firma V
      Doctors can induce labor by introducing certain medications through an intravenous drip.
    • A midwife or doctor will explain the process of inducing labor in the event that labor does not begin on its own.
      By: Monkey Business
      A midwife or doctor will explain the process of inducing labor in the event that labor does not begin on its own.